Entorhinal Cortex

The entorhinal cortex is located on the crown of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. Brodmann assigned the number 28 to entorhinal cortex (Brodmann’s area 28). Entorhinal cortex displays a unique cytoarchitecture with large neurons in layer II that form clusters. The entorhinal cortex is the gateway to the hippocampus. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neurons in the entorhinal cortex, particularly those in layer II, begin to die and some leave behind a pathological marker – the neurofibrillary tangle. Neurofibrillary tangles and significant cell death characterize the neuronal loss in AD where neurofibrillary tangles and subsequent atrophy have been correlated with dementia.

Please note that there two entorhinal labels exist in FreeSurfer 1) the EC label included in the aparc atlas and 2) the cytoarchitecturally-defined entorhinal label (i.e., the ex vivo one).

Reference for Entorhinal cortex, Cytoarchitecturally-defined labels:

Fischl B, et al. Predicting the location of entorhinal cortex from MRI. Neuroimage. 2009 Aug 1;47(1):8-17.

Where to find the entorhinal (cytoarchitectural-defined) labels in FreeSurfer

Right and left labels for entorhinal are available in freesurfer 5.3 and 6.0+.

The labels are in freesurfer surface space and located in subjects dir:

subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.label

They are generated by default by:

recon-all -all

but can be regenerated with:

recon-all -ba-labels

In freeview, after loading a surface, the label can be viewed either by loading the Annotation file:

subj/label/?h.BA_exvivo.annot

or by loading the Label file:

subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.label

(which allows selection of 'Heat Scale' viewing mode to display the probability mapping), or by loading the Label file:

subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.thresh.label

which is a thresholded version, more suitable as an ROI.

Stats on this label are found in:

subj/stats/?h.BA_exvivo.stats

-  ⇤ ← Revision 1 as of 2014-11-12 18:20:29 → 
  Size: 779
  Editor: NickSchmansky
  Comment:
+   ← Revision 20 as of 2021-09-22 09:35:47 → ⇥
  Size: 2222
  Editor: DevaniCordero
  Comment:
-Deletions are marked like this.
+Additions are marked like this.
 Line 1:
+''Author: Jean Augustinack''
<<BR>>
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+Line 5:
-see https://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/fswiki/CorticalParcellation_Yeo2011  for example
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+Line 6:
-intro here,
+{{attachment:flateconlyinflated2014.jpg}}
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+Line 9:
+The entorhinal cortex is located on the crown of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. Brodmann assigned the number 28 to entorhinal cortex (Brodmann’s area 28). Entorhinal cortex displays a unique cytoarchitecture with large neurons in layer II that form clusters. The entorhinal cortex is the gateway to the hippocampus. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neurons in the entorhinal cortex, particularly those in layer II, begin to die and some leave behind a pathological marker – the neurofibrillary tangle. Neurofibrillary tangles and significant cell death characterize the neuronal loss in AD where neurofibrillary tangles and subsequent atrophy have been correlated with dementia.
-Line 8:
+Line 11:
-you have three options for using these labels:
+Please note that there two entorhinal labels exist in FreeSurfer 1) the EC label included in the aparc atlas and 2) the cytoarchitecturally-defined entorhinal label (i.e., the ex vivo one).
-Line 10:
+Line 13:
-labels in freesurfer surface space are in subjects dir subj/label/?h.perirhinal.label
+Reference for Entorhinal cortex, Cytoarchitecturally-defined labels:
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+Line 15:
-instructions on how to view in freeview
+Fischl B, et al. Predicting the location of entorhinal cortex from MRI. Neuroimage. 2009 Aug 1;47(1):8-17.
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+Line 17:
-where to get stats on this label (../stats/$hemi.BA.stats)
+== Where to find the entorhinal (cytoarchitectural-defined) labels in FreeSurfer ==
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+Line 19:
-already in freesurfer 5.3
+Right and left labels for entorhinal are available in freesurfer 5.3 and 6.0+.
-Line 18:
+Line 21:
+The labels are in freesurfer surface space and located in subjects dir:
{{{
subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.label
}}}
-Line 19:
+Line 26:
+They are generated by default by:
{{{
recon-all -all
}}}
but can be regenerated with: 
{{{
recon-all -ba-labels
}}}
-Line 20:
+Line 35:
-label in volume space
+In freeview, after loading a surface, the label can be viewed either by loading the Annotation file:
{{{
subj/label/?h.BA_exvivo.annot
}}}
or by loading the Label file:
{{{
subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.label
}}}
(which allows selection of 'Heat Scale' viewing mode to display the probability mapping), or by loading the Label file:
{{{
subj/label/?h.entorhinal_exvivo.thresh.label
}}}
which is a thresholded version, more suitable as an ROI.
-Line 22:
+Line 49:
-mapping surface label to subjects volume space
+Stats on this label are found in:
{{{
subj/stats/?h.BA_exvivo.stats
}}}
-Line 24:
+Line 54:
-will be available in v6

or if you have freesurfer, run this to map from surface space to volume space and then this is how you view it.


label in fsaverage volume space

[[attachment:perirhinal_fsaverage.nii]]


label in mni152 volume space

[[attachment:perirhinal_mni152.nii]]
+See also:
 * [[BrodmannAreaMaps]]
 * [[Perirhinal]]
 * [[ExVivoEcPcLabelsFsaverage]]